{"id":164,"date":"2026-08-25T02:32:04","date_gmt":"2026-08-24T18:32:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/?p=164"},"modified":"2026-08-25T03:03:00","modified_gmt":"2026-08-24T19:03:00","slug":"%e3%80%8a%e5%85%b1%e4%ba%a7%e5%85%9a%e5%ae%a3%e8%a8%80%e3%80%8b%e8%af%bb%e4%b9%a6%e7%ac%94%e8%ae%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/archives\/164","title":{"rendered":"\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u8bfb\u4e66\u7b14\u8bb0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4eca\u665a\u4e5f\u662f\u95f2\u6765\u65e0\u4e8b\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u7761\u4e0d\u7740\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5<strong>\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08<em>Manifesto of the Communist Party<\/em>\uff09<\/strong>\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u82f1\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u5148\u6765\u6211\u5217\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Freeman and slave, patrician and plebeian, lord and serf, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, <strong>stood in<\/strong> constant opposition to one another, <strong>carried on<\/strong> an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u4e5f\u8d34\u4e0a\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c40\u572818\u5e74\u7248\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6bb5\u843d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u548c\u5974\u96b6\u3001\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u5e73\u6c11\u3001\u9886\u4e3b\u548c\u519c\u5974\u3001\u884c\u4f1a\u5e08\u5085\u3014\u6ce8\uff1a\u6069\u683c\u65af\u57281888\u5e74\u82f1\u6587\u7248\u4e0a\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ce8\uff1a\u201c\u884c\u4f1a\u5e08\u5085\u5c31\u662f\u5728\u884c\u4f1a\u4e2d\u4eab\u6709\u5168\u6743\u7684\u4f1a\u5458\uff0c\u662f\u884c\u4f1a\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5e08\u5085\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u884c\u4f1a\u7684\u9996\u9886\u3002\u201d\u2014\u2014\u7f16\u8005\u6ce8\u3015\u548c\u5e2e\u5de5\uff0c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\uff0c\u59cb\u7ec8\u5904\u4e8e\u76f8\u4e92\u5bf9\u7acb\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0d\u65ad\u7684\u3001\u6709\u65f6\u9690\u853d\u6709\u65f6\u516c\u5f00\u7684\u6597\u4e89\uff0c\u800c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u7ed3\u5c40\u90fd\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u9769\u547d\u6539\u9020\u6216\u8005\u6597\u4e89\u7684\u5404\u9636\u7ea7\u540c\u5f52\u4e8e\u5c3d\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5173\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u6bb5\u5728\u53e5\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5e76\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\u3002\u6587\u6bb5\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u4e00\u8fde\u4e32\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1aFreeman and slave(\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u548c\u5974\u96b6), patrician and plebeian(\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u5e73\u6c11), lord and serf(\u9886\u4e3b\u548c\u519c\u5974), guild-master and journeyman(\u884c\u4f1a\u5e08\u5085\u548c\u5e2e\u5de5)\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5f15\u51fa\u201c\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u201d\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u8303\u7574\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91ccoppressor and oppressed\u662f\u5bf9\u524d\u9762\u6240\u6709\u5e76\u5217\u540d\u8bcd\u7684<strong>\u603b\u7ed3\u6027\u540c\u4f4d\u8bed<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u4e3b\u8bed\u90fd\u6307\u5411\u4e86\u5386\u53f2\u4e2d\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u652f\u914d\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u90fd\u6784\u6210\u4e00\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u8303\u7574\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u53bb\u9664\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7684\u63d2\u5165\u8bed\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Oppressor and oppressed stood in opposition to one another, carried on a fight, a fight that ended either in A or B.\u53c2\u8003\u8bd1\u6587\uff1a\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u5904\u4e8e\u5bf9\u7acb\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u6597\u4e89\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cFreeman and slave(\u81ea\u7531\u6c11\u548c\u5974\u96b6), patrician and plebeian(\u8d35\u65cf\u548c\u5e73\u6c11), lord and serf(\u9886\u4e3b\u548c\u519c\u5974), guild-master and journeyman(\u884c\u4f1a\u5e08\u5085\u548c\u5e2e\u5de5)\u8fd9\u4e9b\u90fd\u662f\u5e76\u5217\u4e3b\u8bed\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u4e00\u5728oppressor and oppressed(\u538b\u8feb\u8005\u548c\u88ab\u538b\u8feb\u8005)\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8303\u7574\u4e4b\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">oppressor and oppressed\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u8c13\u8bcd\uff1astood in\u548ccarried on\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0cuninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u4fee\u9970\u8bed\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u9970\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bedfight\u3002\u3014\u6ce8\uff1a\u201dnow&#8230;, now&#8230;\u201c\u8fd9\u91cc\u610f\u4e3a\u201d\u65f6\u800c\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u65f6\u800c\u2026\u2026\u201c\u3002\u2014\u2014\u4f5c\u8005\u6ce8\u3015\u7d27\u63a5\u7740\u662f\u540e\u9762\u8865\u5145\uff1aa fight that ended either in&#8230;\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u540e\u9762\u7684 a fight \u662f\u5bf9\u524d\u9762\u7684 fight \u7684\u540c\u4f4d\u91cd\u590d\uff08appositive repetition\uff09\uff0c\u662f\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u4fee\u8f9e\u9009\u62e9\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u505c\u987f\u201d\u548c\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u805a\u7126\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u89c6\u89d2\u6765\u5230\u540e\u9762\u7684\u4ece\u53e5\uff1a\u201ceither in&#8230;or&#8230;\u201d\u610f\u4e3a<strong>\u201c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u2026\u2026\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5728\u2026\u2026\u201d<\/strong>\uff0ceach time\u4f5c\u65f6\u95f4\u72b6\u8bed\u4fee\u9970\u52a8\u8bcd\u201cended\u201d(\u7ed3\u675f\u4e8e&#8230;, \u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e&#8230;)\u3002\u8fde\u8d77\u6765\u5219\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u6597\u4e89\u90fd\u4f1a\u7ec8\u6b62\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u7ec8\u6b62\u4e8e\u666e\u904d\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u91cd\u6784(a revolutionary reconstitution of society at large)\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u662f\u4e24\u4e2a\u76f8\u51b2\u7a81\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u4e00\u8d77\u6bc1\u706d(the common ruin of the contending classes)\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662frevolutionary reconstitution\u3002revolutionary reconstitution \u600e\u4e48\u7406\u89e3\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5148\u770breconstitution\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3are-\u548cconstitution\u3002constitution\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5927\u5bb6\u901a\u5e38\u77e5\u9053constitution\u901a\u5e38\u610f\u4e3a\u5baa\u6cd5\u3002\u4f46 constitution \u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u7684\u610f\u601d\u5176\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u5baa\u6cd5\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\uff1a\u6784\u6210\u3001\u7ec4\u6210\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bcd\u6e90\u662fconstituere\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u89e3\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\uff1acon- = together (\u5171\u540c)\uff1bstatuere = to set up(\u5efa\u7acb\u3001\u653e\u7f6e)\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff1areconstitution\u5176\u5b9e\u5c31\u662fre-(\u91cd\u65b0) + constitution(\u6784\u6210)\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u9020\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u91cd\u65b0\u5efa\u7acb\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">revolutionary\u5219\u66f4\u6709\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u6765\u770b\u201crevolution\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e3a\u201c\u9769\u547d\u201d\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u8bcd\u6e90\u662f\u201crevolvere\u201d\uff1a\u5176\u4e2dre- = back(\u56de)\uff0c\u800cvolvere = roll(\u6eda\u52a8)\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5728\u5929\u6587\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0crevolution of the earth\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5730\u7403\u516c\u8f6c\u201d\u3002\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u5c42\u9762\u5219\u5f15\u7533\u4e3a\u201c\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u6839\u672c\u8f6c\u53d8\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7efc\u4e0a\u6240\u8ff0\uff0crevolutionary reconstitution\u76f4\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u4fbf\u662f\u201d\u9769\u547d\u6027\/\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u6784\u9020\u201c\uff0c\u53c8\u6216\u8005\u201d\u901a\u8fc7\u9769\u547d\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u201c\u3002\u7531\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u5230\u6574\u53e5\u8bdd\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u7ffb\u8bd1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5176\u5b9e\u4e5f\u6f5c\u85cf\u4e86\u67d0\u79cd\u9ed1\u683c\u5c14\u53f2\u89c2\u8272\u5f69\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6697\u85cf\u67d0\u79cd\u91ce\u5fc3\uff1a\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8ffd\u6c42\u7684\u5e76\u4e0d\u53ea\u662f\u653f\u6cbb\u5c42\u9762\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u53d8\u9769\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6df1\u5165\u793e\u4f1a\u7684\u3001\u6574\u4f53\u7684(at large)\u3001\u98a0\u8986\u6027\u7684\u53d8\u9769\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Communists disdain to conceal their views and aims. They openly declare that their ends can be attained only by the forcible overthrow(\u63a8\u7ffb) of all existing social conditions. Let the ruling classes tremble at a Communistic revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u7f16\u8bd1\u5c4018\u5e74\u7684\u4e2d\u8bd1\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7684\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u4eba\u4e0d\u5c51\u4e8e\u9690\u7792\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u548c\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u5e03\uff1a\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u7528\u66b4\u529b\u63a8\u7ffb\u5168\u90e8\u73b0\u5b58\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u624d\u80fd\u8fbe\u5230\u3002\u8ba9\u7edf\u6cbb\u9636\u7ea7\u5728\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u9769\u547d\u9762\u524d\u53d1\u6296\u5427\u3002\u65e0\u4ea7\u8005\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9769\u547d\u4e2d\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u53ea\u662f\u9501\u94fe\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u83b7\u5f97\u7684\u5c06\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u4e16\u754c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u8fd9\u4e2adisdain\uff1a\u5b83\u7684\u6784\u8bcd\u6765\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u6210\u6765\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\uff1adis- + dignus\uff0c\u5176\u4e2ddis- = apart \/ away(\u5206\u79bb)\uff1bdignus = worthy(\u503c\u5f97\u7684)\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u7684\u76f4\u8bd1\u4fbf\u662f\u201dconsider something unworthy\u201c\uff0c\u5373\u8ba4\u4e3a\u67d0\u4e8b\u4e0d\u503c\u5f97\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e3a\u201d\u9119\u89c6\u3001\u4e0d\u5c51\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u518d\u770b\u770bviews and aims\u3002view\u6765\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u201dvidere\u201c\uff0c\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u540c\u6e90\u8bcd\u6709vision\u3001visible\u3001video\u3002view\u76f4\u8bd1\u4fbf\u662f\u201d\u770b\u5230\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u201c\uff0c\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e3a\u201d\u89c2\u70b9\u201c\u3002aim\u5219\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u53e4\u6cd5\u8bed\u201desmer\u201c\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201d\u4f30\u8ba1\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u201c\uff0c\u5ef6\u7533\u4e3a\u201d\u76ee\u6807\u201c\u3002\u4e24\u8005\u5206\u522b\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201d\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u201c\u4ee5\u53ca\u201d\u60f3\u8981\u8fbe\u5230\u7684\u89c4\u8303\u76ee\u6807\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">openly\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201d\u516c\u5f00\u5730\u201c\uff0copenly declare\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201d\u516c\u5f00\u5ba3\u79f0\u201c\uff0c\u4e0econceal(\u9690\u85cf)\u9065\u76f8\u547c\u5e94\u3002forcible\u53ef\u4ee5\u62c6\u6210\u201dforce + able\u201c\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dforce\u610f\u4e3a\u201d\u529b\u91cf\u201c\uff0cable\u5219\u610f\u4e3a\u201d\u80fd\u591f\u3001\u53ef\u80fd\u201c\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u7740\u4f9d\u9760\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u529b\u91cf\u505a\u67d0\u4e8b\u3002\u8fd9\u91ccforcible\u4e0eoverthrow\u8fde\u7528\uff0c\u660e\u663e\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201d\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u63a8\u7ffb\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0eviolent\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u662f\uff0cforcible\u66f4\u5f3a\u8c03\u201d\u9760\u529b\u91cf\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u201c\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u67d0\u79cd\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u3001\u529b\u91cf\u6027\uff1bviolent\u5219\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u201d\u66b4\u529b\u6027\u201c\uff0c\u8868\u5f81\u7834\u574f\u6027\u3001\u4f24\u5bb3\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5fb7\u8bed\u7684\u539f\u6587\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8bcd\u662f\u201dgewaltsam\u201c\uff0c\u8bcd\u6e90\u662f\u201dGewalt\u201c\u3002Gewalt \u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\uff1a\u529b\u91cf\uff08force\uff09\u3001\u66b4\u529b\uff08violence\uff09\u3001\u6743\u529b\uff08power\uff09\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u5728\u5fb7\u8bed\u91cc\u9762\u672c\u8eab\u4e5f\u6bd4\u8f83\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u4e0e\u626c\u5f03\uff08aufheben\uff09\u548c\u6cd5\u6743\uff08Rechte\uff09\u7c7b\u4f3c\u3002\u82f1\u8bd1\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u66f4\u52a0\u4e2d\u6027\u7684forcible\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">ruling\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fdb\u884c\u65f6\uff0c\u4fee\u9970\u201dclass\u201c\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201d\u6b63\u5728\u5b9e\u884c\u7edf\u6cbb\u7684\u9636\u7ea7\u201c\uff0cCommunistic revolution\u5219\u662f\u201d\u5171\u4ea7\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u9769\u547d\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6709\u610f\u601d\u5730\u662fproletarians\u4e00\u8bcd\uff1aproletarian \u7684\u8bcd\u6e90\u662fproles(\u5b50\u5973)\u3002\u6f14\u53d8\u8def\u5f84\u5927\u81f4\u662f\uff1aproletarian\u6765\u81eaproletariat\uff0c\u6e90\u81ea\u6cd5\u8bed\u7684prol\u00e9tariat\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6e90\u81ea\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u7684proletarius\u3002\u5728\u6784\u8bcd\u4e0a\uff0cproletarian = proles + -arius\uff0c\u610f\u4e3a\u201c\u5173\u4e8e\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u201c\u3002\u5728\u7f57\u9a6c\u5171\u548c\u56fd\u4e2d\uff0c\u62e5\u6709\u571f\u5730\u3001\u8d22\u5bcc\u7684\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u670d\u5175\u5f79\u3001\u627f\u62c5\u516c\u5171\u4e49\u52a1\u3001\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u8d44\u683c\u53c2\u4e0e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u4e8b\u5b9c\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u6700\u5e95\u5c42\u8d2b\u6c11\u6ca1\u6709\u571f\u5730\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u591f\u7ed9\u56fd\u5bb6\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b69\u5b50\u3002\u5728\u62c9\u4e01\u8bed\u4e2d\uff0cproles\u610f\u4e3a\u540e\u4ee3\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5proletarii\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u201c\u53ea\u80fd\u8d21\u732e\u5b50\u5973\u7684\u4eba\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u5f15\u7533\u4e3a\u201d\u4e00\u65e0\u6240\u6709\u7684\u4eba\u201c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u4e0e\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4ea7\u4e1a\u5de5\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6709\u5f02\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\uff1aworkers\u548cworking man\u7684\u8303\u56f4\u5f88\u5bbd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u624b\u5de5\u4e1a\u8005\u3001\u519c\u6c11\u3001\u96c7\u5458\u3001\u6280\u672f\u4eba\u5458\u2026\u2026\u4f46\u662f\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7(proletarian)\u8fd9\u4e00\u6982\u5ff5\u5219\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e00\u79cd\u7279\u5b9a\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u5373\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u51fa\u552e\u52b3\u52a8\u529b\u7684\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u7684\u65e9\u671f\u7684\u54f2\u5b66\u89c2\u5ff5\u4e2d\uff0c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u610f\u5473\u7740\u67d0\u79cd\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u7684\u201d\u666e\u4e16\u9636\u7ea7\u201c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u7531\u4e8e\u81ea\u8eab\u5904\u5883\u88ab\u6392\u9664\u5728\u73b0\u5b58\u793e\u4f1a\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u5176\u9700\u8981\u89e3\u653e\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u6539\u53d8\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1aThe proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains.\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6ca1\u6709\u65e7\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u4fdd\u62a4\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u9700\u8981\u7559\u604b\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u65e0\u4ea7\u9636\u7ea7\u201d\u7684\u201c\u65e0\u4ea7\u201d\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u901a\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u8d2b\u7a77\uff0c\u201c\u4ea7\u201d\u901a\u5e38\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201d\u8d22\u4ea7\u201c\uff1b\u201c\u65e0\u4ea7\u201d\u5219\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u2014\u2014\u6ca1\u6709\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u7acb\u4ea7\u751f\u5269\u4f59\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\u3002\u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684 proletarians \u4e0d\u662f\u201c\u7a77\u4eba\u4eec\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u5b83\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u79cd\u5386\u53f2\u4e3b\u4f53\uff1a\u5b83\u6ca1\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u8d22\u4ea7\u5229\u76ca\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5426\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u751f\u4ea7\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u79c1\u4eba\u5360\u6709\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u3002\u5b83\u7684\u89e3\u653e\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6574\u4e2a\u793e\u4f1a\u5173\u7cfb\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5b83\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\u53d7\u5230\u542f\u8499\u8fd0\u52a8\u4ee5\u6765\u7684\u6df1\u8fdc\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u5927\u9769\u547d\u524d\u5915\uff0c\u897f\u8036\u65af\uff08\u57c3\u9a6c\u7ebd\u57c3\u5c14-\u7ea6\u745f\u592b\u00b7\u897f\u8036\u65af\uff09\u5728\u300a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u7b2c\u4e09\u7b49\u7ea7\uff1f\u300b\uff08<strong>Qu&#8217;est-ce que le Tiers-\u00c9tat ?<\/strong>, 1789\uff09\u4e2d\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u8457\u540d\u8bba\u65ad\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Qu&#8217;est-ce que le Tiers-\u00c9tat ? \u2014 Tout.<\/strong> <strong>Qu&#8217;a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent dans l&#8217;ordre politique ? \u2014 Rien.<\/strong> <strong>Que demande-t-il ? \u2014 \u00c0 devenir quelque chose.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u76f4\u8bd1\u8fc7\u6765\u4fbf\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u7b49\u7ea7\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u4e00\u5207\u3002 \u5230\u76ee\u524d\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u5728\u653f\u6cbb\u79e9\u5e8f\u4e2d\u5b83\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u3002 \u5b83\u8981\u6c42\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f\u2014\u2014\u6210\u4e3a\u67d0\u79cd\u4e1c\u897f\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u665a\u5e74\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u8f6c\u5411\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u79d1\u5b66\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u8f6c\u5411\u653f\u6cbb\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u548c\u5386\u53f2\u54f2\u5b66\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u666e\u9002\u6027\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u7c7b\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4ece\u62bd\u8c61\u54f2\u5b66\u5bfb\u627e\u73b0\u5b9e\u5730\u57fa\u7684\u5fc5\u7531\u4e4b\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8bdd\u603b\u662f\u6709\u4e2a\u5934\u7684\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u4f60\u7406\u89e3\u9a6c\u514b\u601d\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u6709\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5e2e\u52a9\u6216\u8005\u7406\u89e3\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5176\u5b9e\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u7761\u4e0d\u7740\u7f62\u4e86\u2026\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4f1a\u54c8\u6c14\u306e\u7965\u5199\u4e8e2026\u5e747\u670829\u65e5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4eca\u665a\u4e5f\u662f\u95f2\u6765\u65e0\u4e8b\uff0c\u53cd\u6b63\u6211\u4e5f\u662f\u7761\u4e0d\u7740\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u6765\u770b\u770b\u4e00\u6bb5\u300a\u5171\u4ea7\u515a\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08Manifesto of the Co [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-164","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-thoughts-notes","category-uncategorized-article"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/164","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=164"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/164\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":165,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/164\/revisions\/165"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=164"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=164"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lucianism.top\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=164"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}